Comparing Face-to-Face, Emergency Remote Teaching and Smart Classroom: A Qualitative Exploratory Research Based on Students’ Experience during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted traditional face-to-face teaching worldwide and forced education institutions to adopt new, online formats enable students continue with their studies. This research focuses on students’ perceptions of three different modalities: (F2F), Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) Smart Classroom (SC), which were implemented in response the restrictions enforced combat spread COVID-19. A qualitative study based two user experience techniques, Pocket Bipolar Laddering Emotional Appraisal, was carried out a group second-year ICT engineering university at La Salle Campus Barcelona. former technique consists identifying maximum positive negative salient items, while latter is intended rate pairs opposite feelings. In SC format, saving time travel considered an advantage learning, disadvantages included less effective instructor–student interaction, distractions when off-campus teamwork issues. These shortcomings can be addressed by specific training develop more active form learning foment student participation. However, both ERT modalities solutions cope social mobility imposed during pandemic.